History of Georgetown
With its colonial past, it’s hardly surprising that Penang features more than a few tourist worthy attractions. Listed as a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site in 2008, the capital, Georgetown is the embodiment of Penang, so much so that the two names are almost interchangeable. The conurbation holds most of the ‘Isle of the Betel Nut’s sightseeing spots from the Kek Lok Si Temple and Khoo Kongsi clan house to Fort Cornwallis and the Botanical Gardens.
Little is known of Penang’s origins – settlements were found as early as the 1700s but it was only in 1786 when Captain Francis Light took possession of the island on behalf of the East India Trading Company that the state truly began to flourish and soon afterwards he established Georgetown. Emigrants were allowed to claim as much land as they could clear, which along with its duty-free port, resulted in ensuring that the state attracted more and more settlers from all over Asia. The state went through a period where it operated a lucrative opium trade run by Chinese secret societies but British authorities brought it under control after large scale rioting broke out in 1867.
Seven months before Malaysia’s independence in 1957, Georgetown was awarded city status. The city continued to grow throughout the 1960s yet it lost its duty-free status to Langkawi in the 1980s. These days tourism plays a huge role in Penang’s economy, which has led to authorities taking huge steps to preserve its traditional heritage.